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Diameter (D) x Length (L) x J diameter (C) x J gap (E) x Thread (T) x J bend (M) x J length (N)
ASTM A307
Scope The ASTM A307 specification covers carbon steel bolts and studs ranging from 1/4″ through 4″ diameter. This is your everyday, run of the mill bolt specification often manufactured using A36 round bar. There are three grades A, B, and C* which denote tensile strength, configuration, and application. Refer to the Mechanical Properties Chart for the subtle strength differences within each grade.
A307 Mechanical Properties
Grade
Tensile, ksi
Yield, min, ksi
Elong %, min
A
60 min
--
18
B
60 - 100
--
18
C*
58 - 80
36
23
A307 Chemical Properties
Element
Grade A
Grade B
Carbon, max
0.29%
0.29%
Manganese, max
1.20%
1.20%
Phosphorus, max
0.04%
0.04%
Sulfur, max
0.15%
0.05%
A307 Recommended Hardware
Nuts
Washers
A307 Grades A & C*
A307 Grade B
1/4 - 1-1/2
1-5/8 - 4
1/4 - 4
A563A Hex
A563A Heavy Hex
A563A Heavy Hex
F844
Scope ASTM A449 covers headed bolts, rods, and anchor bolts in diameters ranging from 1/4″ through 3″ inclusive. It is a medium strength bolt manufactured from a medium carbon or alloy steel that develops its mechanical values through a heat treating process. It is intended for general engineering applications.
ASTM A449 is virtually identical in chemistry and strength to ASTM A325 and SAE J429 grade 5. However, A449 is more flexible in the sense that it covers a larger diameter range and is not restricted by a specific configuration.
* Steel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be considered to be alloy when the maximum range given for the content of alloying elements exceeds one of more of the following limits: Manganese, 1.65%, silicon, 0.60%, copper, 0.60%, or in which a definite range or a minimum quantity of any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the recognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99%, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.
Type 3 Bolts, Class *
Element
A
B
C
D
E
F
Carbon
0.33 - 0.40%
0.38 - 0.48%
0.15 - 0.25%
0.15 - 0.25%
0.20 - 0.25%
0.20 - 0.25%
Manganese
0.90 - 1.20%
0.70 - 0.90%
0.80 - 1.35%
0.40 - 1.20%
0.60 - 1.00%
0.90 - 1.20%
Phosphorus
0.035% max
0.06 - 0.12%
0.035% max
0.035% max
0.035%
0.035%
Sulfur, max
0.040%
0.040%
0.040%
0.040%
0.040%
0.040%
Silicon
0.15 - 0.35%
0.30 - 0.50%
0.15 - 0.35%
0.25 - 0.50%
0.15 - 0.35%
0.15 - 0.35%
Copper
0.25 - 0.45%
0.20 - 0.40%
0.20 - 0.50%
0.30 - 0.50%
0.30 - 0.60%
0.20 - 0.40%
Nickel
0.25 - 0.45%
0.50 - 0.80%
0.25 - 0.50%
0.50 - 0.80%
0.30 - 0.60%
0.20 - 0.40%
Chromium
0.45 - 0.65%
0.50 - 0.75%
0.30 - 0.50%
0.50 - 1.00%
0.60 - 0.90%
0.45 - 0.65%
Vanadium
0.020% min
Molybdenum
0.06% max
0.10% max
Titanium
0.05% max
* Selection of a class shall be at the option of the manufacturer
Scope
The ASTM A354 specification covers the chemical and mechanical requirements of quenched and tempered alloy steel bolts, studs, and other externally threaded fasteners 4″ and under in diameter.
Two strength levels, grade BC and grade BD, are summarized in the chart below. This specification is unrestricted in its configuration and can be a headed bolt, bent bolt, or threaded rod.
A354 Grades
A354 BD
A354 grade BD bolts are higher in strength than A354 grade BC and equal in strength to ASTM A490 bolts. Unlike ASTM A490 however, the A354 BD specification is unrestricted in its configuration. Since A490 bolts are heavy hex structural bolts and do not exceed 1-1/2" diameter, specification A354 BD should be considered for anchor bolts, threaded rods, other styles of headed bolts, and bolts larger than 1-1/2" diameter where similar mechanical properties are desired. A354 grade BD does not require a magnetic particle test as is required by the A490 specification.
Research conducted on bolts of similar material and manufacture indicates that hydrogen-stress cracking or stress cracking corrosion may occur on hot-dip galvanized Grade BD bolts. For more information about this subject
A354 BC
Lower in strength than grade BD.
A354 Mechanical Properties
Grade
Size
Tensile, ksi, min
Yield, ksi, min
Elong %, min
RA %, min
BC
1/4 - 2-1/2
125
109
16
50
2-5/8 - 4
115
99
16
45
BD
1/4 - 2-1/2
150
130
14
40
2-5/8 - 4
140
115
14
40
A354 Chemical Properties
Element
Sizes 1/4 to 1-1/2
Sizes above 1-1/2
Carbon
0.30 - 0.53%
0.35 - 0.53%
Phosphorus, max
0.035%
0.035%
Sulfur, max
0.040%
0.05%
A354 Recommended Hardware
Nuts
Washers
Grade BC
Grade BD
Plain
Galvanized
Plain
A563C Heavy Hex
A563DH Heavy Hex
A563DH Heavy Hex
F436
* Nuts of other grades load stresses greater than the specified grade are suitable. Follow the link for an ASTM A563 Nut Compatibility Chart.
Scope
Originally approved in 1936, this specification is heavily utilized in petroleum and chemical construction applications. The ASTM standard covers alloy steel and stainless steel bolting materials for high temperature or high pressure service. This specification includes fasteners intended for use in pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings. Although, this material is often available in national coarse (UNC) thread pitches, if being used in traditional applications, threads are specified 8 threads per inch (tpi) for diameters above one inch.
Below is a basic summary of a few of the common grades. ASTM A193 covers a number of other standard specifications not covered in this description including B5, B6, and B16.
A193 Grades
B7
Alloy steel, AISI 4140/4142 quenched and tempered
B8
Class 1 Stainless steel, AISI 304, carbide solution treated.
B8M
Class 1 Stainless steel, AISI 316, carbide solution treated.
Originally approved in 1948, the ASTM A320 specification covers alloy steel and stainless steel bolting materials for low temperature service. This standard covers rolled, forged, or strain hardened bars, bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts used for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings. Like the ASTM A193 specification, unless otherwise specified, the 8UN thread series is specified on fastener larger than 1” in diameter.
Below is a basic summary of a few of the common grades within the ASTM A320 specification. A number of other less common grades of ASTM A320 exist, but not covered in the description below.
Strain hardened nuts available as a supplementary requirement
ASTM F593
Scope
ASTM F593 covers the chemical and mechanical requirements for stainless steel bolts, hex cap screws and studs in diameters ranging from 1/4″ to 1-1/2″ inclusive. These fasteners are for general purpose usage, and are available in seven alloy groups. Below is a basic summary of the common grades within the ASTM F593 specification. A number of other less common grades of ASTM F593 exist, but are not detailed in the description below. The Mechanical table here is limited to Alloy groups 1 and 2, as those are the most common and the Chemical table is only showing the most common alloy grades used for their respective alloy groups . More detailed information can be found in the ASTM F593 standard on the ASTM website.
Sunflex Metal Industries are engaged in manufacturing of robust quality of J Bolts. These J Bolts are widely used in the following industries:
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Mining Industries
